Bhutan, affectionately known as the Land of the Thunder Dragon, remains one of the world’s most intriguing and least explored destinations. Shrouded in mystery and magic, where traditional Buddhist culture seamlessly embraces global developments, this hidden kingdom offers a unique blend of old and new that is sure to captivate every traveler.
Bhutan At A Glance
Located in the Eastern Himalayas, Bhutan is a small, landlocked country bordered by China to the north and India to the south. Known as the Land of the Thunder Dragon, Bhutan spans approximately 38,394 square kilometers, offering a diverse landscape that ranges from subtropical plains in the south to sub-alpine mountains in the north.
The country’s population is estimated at around 750,000, with Dzongkha as the official language. Bhutan is the only Vajrayana Buddhist country in the world, and the profound teachings of this tradition remain well preserved and exert a strong influence on all aspects of life.
Bhutan’s economy is based on agriculture, forestry, tourism, and the sale of hydroelectric power to India. The country has been praised worldwide for being carbon negative, absorbing more carbon dioxide than it emits. Bhutan maintains a policy of “high value, low impact” tourism to preserve its unique culture and environment.
Thimphu, the capital and largest city, is the only world capital without traffic lights, emphasizing Bhutan’s commitment to simplicity, tradition, and harmony with nature. The country is also known for its iconic landmarks, including the majestic Tiger’s Nest Monastery and the imposing Punakha Dzong.
Bhutan is the world’s first country to use Gross National Happiness as a measure of its progress, instead of Gross Domestic Product. This concept prioritizes the spiritual, physical, and mental well-being of its people and the environment over material growth.
Traditional Bhutanese arts and crafts, vibrant festivals, unique cuisine, and a strong commitment to cultural preservation contribute to a rich and deeply rooted national identity.
To explore Bhutan is to journey into a realm of serene landscapes, spiritual sanctity, and colorful cultural heritage. Its untouched nature, welcoming people, and tranquil vibes make Bhutan an unparalleled destination for those seeking a unique and immersive travel experience.
Currency
The currency of Bhutan is the Bhutanese Ngultrum, denoted by the symbol ‘Nu’ and the ISO code BTN. The Ngultrum is pegged to the Indian Rupee at parity, meaning one Ngultrum equals one Rupee. This is due to a longstanding economic agreement between Bhutan and India.
Major hotels and other businesses in Bhutan may accept credit cards, it’s advisable for visitors to have some cash in Ngultrum for smaller transactions, especially in rural areas. Indian Rupees are also widely accepted throughout the country. However, it is recommended to check current currency rates and regulations before traveling.
Bhutanese Ngultrum current exchange rates
- 100 BTN = $1.20 or $1 = 83.43 Bhutanese Ngultrum
- 100 BTN = €1.11 or €1 = 90.01 Bhutanese Ngultrum
Other currencies:
- 100 BTN = 0.95 British Pounds
- 100 BTN = 1.81 Australian Dollar
- 100 BTN = 1.63 Canadian Dollar
- 100 BTN = 12.46 Swedish Krona
- 100 BTN = 4.81 Polish Zloty
- 100 BTN = 27.05 Czech Koruna
- 100 BTN = 1,569.33 South Korean Won
- 100 BTN = 8.56 Chinese Yuan
- 100 BTN = 172.59 Japanese Yen
Why Visit Bhutan?
Bhutan, the Land of the Thunder Dragon, is a destination like no other. Nestled in the Eastern Himalayas, it offers a wealth of unique experiences that make it a must-visit for any intrepid traveler. Here’s why Bhutan should be on your travel bucket list:
1. Unique Cultural Heritage: Bhutan’s culture remains deeply rooted in Buddhism, which permeates every aspect of life in the kingdom. From the vibrant Tshechus (religious festivals) to the daily life in its cities and villages, Bhutan offers a glimpse into a way of life that has remained largely unchanged for centuries.
2. Majestic Landscapes: Bhutan’s geography varies from subtropical plains to rugged mountain terrains, offering awe-inspiring views at every turn. The country is a paradise for nature lovers and adventurers alike, with opportunities for trekking, bird-watching, and simply soaking in the serene beauty.
3. Sustainable Tourism: Bhutan is the world’s only carbon-negative country and has committed to remaining carbon-neutral. Its approach to tourism is based on sustainability, seeking to maintain a balance between economic development and environmental conservation.
4. Gross National Happiness: Instead of focusing on Gross Domestic Product, Bhutan measures its success through Gross National Happiness, a concept that places the well-being of its people and environment above material growth. This unique philosophy is at the heart of the Bhutanese way of life and offers valuable lessons for visitors.
5. Architectural Splendors: Bhutan’s architecture is unique, with Dzongs (fortresses), Lhakhangs (temples), and traditional Bhutanese houses showcasing the craftsmanship and aesthetic sensibilities of the Bhutanese people.
6. Remarkable Wildlife: Bhutan’s commitment to environmental conservation has resulted in a rich biodiversity with many rare and endangered species. National parks and wildlife sanctuaries cover a significant portion of the country, offering visitors a chance to witness the exotic flora and fauna.
7. Warm and Hospitable People: Bhutanese people are known for their warmth and hospitality. Interaction with locals provides meaningful insights into their traditions, customs, and way of life, enhancing your travel experience.
8. Safety: Bhutan is one of the safest countries in the world, with low crime rates and a peaceful society, making it an ideal destination for solo travelers, families, and groups.
In essence, Bhutan offers an untouched haven where you can experience a unique blend of ancient traditions, stunning natural beauty, and a unique philosophical approach to life. It’s a place where happiness takes precedence, and the rhythm of life is dictated by tradition and spirituality rather than the rush of modernity.
How to Get to Bhutan
Traveling to Bhutan is quite straightforward, although it requires a bit of planning due to the country’s unique tourism policy. Here’s a simple guide on how to reach the Land of the Thunder Dragon:
1. By Air: The primary international gateway to Bhutan is through Paro International Airport (PBH), the country’s only international airport. Druk Air and Bhutan Airlines operate flights to and from several cities including Bangkok, Singapore, Dhaka, Kathmandu, Delhi, and Kolkata. As flights to Bhutan can be limited and often sell out, booking well in advance is highly recommended.
2. By Land: Entry by land is also possible through the border town of Phuentsholing in the south, which connects Bhutan to the Indian state of West Bengal. This is a popular route for those already visiting or residing in India.
Keep in mind that independent travel is not permitted in Bhutan; you must book your trip through a licensed Bhutanese tour operator or one of their international partners. All travelers (except citizens of India, Bangladesh, and Maldives) must obtain a visa before arriving in Bhutan.
Additionally, to promote sustainable tourism, the Bhutanese government has imposed a minimum daily package for tourists. This package covers your accommodation, food, transport within Bhutan, a tour guide, and taxes and royalties, ensuring that your visit does not negatively impact the country’s culture and environment.
Best Time to Visit Bhutan
The best time to visit Bhutan really depends on what you want to do and see during your trip, as the country offers unique experiences all year round. Here’s a general guide to help you plan:
1. Spring (March to May): Spring is one of the most popular times to visit Bhutan, when the weather is warm and the valleys are ablaze with a variety of beautiful flowers including rhododendrons, Bhutan’s national flower. Spring is also an excellent time for bird watching, as many species migrate to the region during this time.
2. Autumn (September to November): Autumn, like spring, is also a high season for tourism in Bhutan. The weather is usually sunny with clear blue skies, offering stunning views of the Himalayan peaks. This is also the time when the popular Thimphu Tshechu festival takes place, offering visitors a chance to experience Bhutanese culture at its finest.
3. Winter (December to February): Winter in Bhutan is cold, but the southern parts of the country remain quite warm and sunny. This is a great time to explore the western and southern parts of Bhutan and to witness the migration of black-necked cranes in the Phobjikha Valley. Winter also tends to be less crowded with tourists, so you might enjoy a more peaceful travel experience.
4. Summer (June to August): This is the monsoon season in Bhutan and is typically less popular with tourists due to frequent rain. However, the scenery is incredibly lush and green during this time, and as it’s the off-season, you may get lower rates and fewer crowds. It’s also a good time to visit if you’re interested in the traditional culture, as many local festivals take place during the summer months.
Must-Visit Places in Bhutan
There are countless enchanting places to visit in Bhutan, each with its own unique charm. Here are some of the must-visit destinations in the Land of the Thunder Dragon:
Paro
Home to the only international airport in Bhutan, Paro is often the first stop for visitors. This historic town offers a unique blend of tradition and modernity, with many sacred sites and historical buildings. The most iconic among them is the Tiger’s Nest Monastery, or Paro Taktsang, perched on the side of a cliff. The Kichu Lhakhang, one of the oldest temples in Bhutan, is also a must-visit.
Thimphu
As the capital and largest city, Thimphu is a vibrant mix of ancient tradition and modern life. Here, you can visit the Tashichho Dzong, a beautiful fortress and monastery that serves as the government and religious headquarters. The Folk Heritage Museum and the National Memorial Chorten are also highlights. For nature lovers, a hike to the Buddha Dordenma statue offers splendid views of the city.
Punakha
Once the capital of Bhutan, Punakha is known for the Punakha Dzong, one of the most picturesque fortresses in the country, located at the confluence of two rivers. The Chimi Lhakhang, also known as the Fertility Temple, is another popular destination, especially for couples seeking blessings for children.
Wangdue Phodrang
Wangdue Phodrang is famous for its bamboo products, slate, and stone carvings. It’s also the gateway to the central and eastern regions of Bhutan. Visit the Phobjikha Valley in winter to witness the annual migration of the endangered black-necked cranes.
Bumthang
Often referred to as the ‘Switzerland of Bhutan’, Bumthang is a beautiful region with a rich spiritual history. It’s home to many of the country’s oldest Buddhist temples and monasteries. You can also explore the Ugyen Chholing Palace Museum to learn about Bhutan’s royal history and local folklore.
Bhutanese Cuisine: A Unique Flavor Journey
Bhutanese cuisine is as unique as the country itself, offering a blend of flavors that reflect the nation’s rich cultural heritage and geographical diversity. Here’s an introduction to the gastronomical journey that awaits you in Bhutan:
1. Ema Datshi: The national dish of Bhutan, Ema Datshi, is a spicy mix of chilies and local Bhutanese cheese known as Datshi. This hot and savory dish is a staple at every Bhutanese meal and comes in several variations, such as Kewa Datshi (potatoes and cheese), Shamu Datshi (mushrooms and cheese), and Shakam Datshi (dried beef and cheese).
2. Red Rice: Grown in the Paro valley, Bhutanese red rice is a local staple. It’s often served with Ema Datshi and other dishes. This nutritious rice has a nutty taste and is rich in minerals.
3. Momos: These Tibetan-style dumplings have found a loving home in Bhutanese cuisine. Filled with meat, cheese, or vegetables, Momos are a favorite snack among locals and tourists alike.
4. Phaksha Paa: This is a delectable stew made from pork, dried chilies, and radishes. Often, Sichuan pepper and mountain vegetables are added for extra flavor. Phaksha Paa showcases the Bhutanese love for meaty, spicy dishes.
5. Jasha Maroo: A traditional Bhutanese chicken curry, Jasha Maroo is often served at celebrations. It features diced chicken, ginger, garlic, and chilies, making it a flavorful and hearty dish.
6. Ara: Ara or Arag is a traditional alcoholic beverage made from rice, maize, millet, or wheat. It’s often served during social gatherings and religious ceremonies.
Bhutanese cuisine is characterized by the extensive use of chilies, cheese, and meat. While the food can be quite spicy, most restaurants cater to the international palate and can adjust the heat according to your preference. So, whether you’re a lover of spicy food or prefer milder flavors, Bhutan’s cuisine has something to delight your taste buds.
Sustainable Travel in Bhutan
Sustainability is at the heart of everything in Bhutan, including tourism. The country has been a pioneer in sustainable travel, implementing strategies that prioritize environmental conservation, cultural preservation, and socio-economic development. Here’s what you need to know about sustainable travel in Bhutan:
1. Low Impact, High Value Tourism: Bhutan has adopted a unique ‘Low Impact, High Value’ tourism policy. This means that while the number of tourists is kept to a sustainable level, the quality of service provided is high. This policy helps prevent over-tourism and maintain the pristine condition of Bhutan’s environment and culture.
2. The Minimum Daily Package: All international tourists (except citizens of India, Bangladesh, and Maldives) must book their travel through a registered tour operator and pay a Minimum Daily Package (MDP). The MDP covers accommodation, food, transport, an official guide, and taxes. A significant part of this fee goes towards funding education, healthcare, and other social services in Bhutan.
3. Carbon Negative Country: Bhutan is the only carbon-negative country in the world, absorbing more carbon dioxide than it emits. The constitution mandates that at least 60% of the country remain forested for all future generations, highlighting Bhutan’s commitment to environmental conservation.
4. Respect for Local Culture and Traditions: Travelers to Bhutan are encouraged to respect and learn from the country’s rich cultural heritage. Visitors are advised to dress modestly, particularly when visiting religious sites, and to follow local customs.
5. Sustainable Accommodations: Many hotels and lodges in Bhutan are built in the traditional Bhutanese architectural style and follow eco-friendly practices. They often use local produce, support community initiatives, and employ energy-efficient methods.
6. Biodiversity Conservation: Bhutan is one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, home to several endangered species. National parks and protected areas cover more than half of the country, and eco-tourism initiatives support their conservation efforts.
Useful Websites
- Tourism Council of Bhutan: www.tourism.gov.bt – This is the official website of Bhutan’s Tourism Council. It provides comprehensive information about travel regulations, getting to Bhutan, and the various attractions and activities the country offers.
- Druk Air: www.drukair.com.bt – Druk Air is Bhutan’s national airline and the main operator of international flights to and from the country. The website provides flight schedules, booking facilities, and other essential travel information.
- Bhutan Airlines: www.bhutanairlines.bt – Bhutan Airlines is the country’s first private airline. Check their website for alternative flights, schedules, and bookings.
- Association of Bhutanese Tour Operators (ABTO): www.abto.org.bt – ABTO provides a list of all the licensed tour operators in Bhutan. You can use this website to find and contact a suitable tour operator for your visit.
- Bhutan Hotel & Restaurant Association (BHRA): www.bhra.org.bt – This is a useful resource to explore accommodation options in Bhutan, as it lists the various hotels and restaurants in the country that are members of the association.
- Guide to Bhutan: www.guidetobhutan.com – This website provides detailed travel guides, including information on Bhutan’s festivals, culture, and recommended itineraries.
- Royal Society for Protection of Nature (RSPN): www.rspnbhutan.org – RSPN is a non-profit organization committed to environmental education and advocacy in Bhutan. Their website is a great resource to learn about Bhutan’s rich biodiversity and ongoing conservation efforts.
Bhutan, a mystical kingdom nestled in the Eastern Himalayas, awaits your discovery. From its stunning natural landscapes and biodiversity to its rich cultural heritage and warm-hearted people, Bhutan offers a travel experience unlike any other. Its unique philosophy of Gross National Happiness and dedication to sustainability and conservation make it an exemplary model of responsible tourism. Dive into the distinct flavors of Bhutanese cuisine, visit awe-inspiring historical sites, and immerse yourself in the vibrant local traditions and festivities.